Adi Shankara

Why in news?

• Madhya Pradesh Chief Minister has unveiled the 108-foot-tall ‘Statue of Oneness’ of Adi Shankaracharya at Omkareshwar, Madhya Pradesh.
• The statue depicts Shankaracharya as a 12-year-old child when he is said to have visited Omkareshwar.
  • Recently the Government has invested a lot to develop the Omkareshwar town located on the Mandhata island which will form an important tourism circuit, along with Ujjain, Maheshwar and Mandu religious towns.

About Adi Shankaracharya:

• Adi Shankara is believed to have lived between 788 and 820 AD. He was born in Kerela’s Kaladi, situated on the bank of the Periyar River. 
• He became a sanyasin at an early age and went to Omkareshwar
• He then studied under his guru Govinda Bhagavatpada.
• Shankara propagated ‘Advaita Vedanta’ and ‘Dashanami Sampradaya. He came to be known as Shankaracharya among his disciples.

Philosophy and works of Adi Shankaracharya:

• Non-Dualism (Advaita Vedanta): 
  • Shankaracharya’s central philosophy revolved around the concept of “Brahman,” the ultimate reality or cosmic consciousness, being the only true and unchanging reality. He argued that the individual self (Atman) is ultimately identical with Brahman and that the perceived duality of the world is an illusion (maya). This non-dualistic perspective is a cornerstone of Advaita Vedanta.
• Writings: 
  • Shankaracharya is known for his extensive writings and commentaries on various Hindu scriptures, particularly the Vedas, Upanishads, and the Bhagavad Gita. 
  • His commentaries helped to clarify and systematize the teachings of Advaita Vedanta. Some of his most famous works include the “Brahma Sutra Bhashya,” the “Vivekachudamani,” and the “Atma Bodha”.
• Travel:
  • He is said to have visited all the important spiritual centres of the time — from Kanchi (Kancheepuram in Tamil Nadu) to Kamrup (Assam), and Kashmir and the Kedar and Badri dhams, as well as Sringeri, Ujjain, Kashi, Puri, and Joshimath.

Mandhata island:

• The Mandhata island on the Narmada River is an important religious destination because it houses two of the 12 Jyotirlingas, which are considered sacred manifestations of Lord Shiva.
• One of these Jyotirlingas is called Omkareshwara and the other is Amareshwara. The island is also close to the Mahakaleshwara Jyotirlinga in Ujjain.
• The island is adorned with Shaivite, Vaishnavite, and Jain temples dating back to the 14th and 18th centuries.

PRACTICE QUESTION:

Mandhata Island, which is an important religious destination in India, is situated on the banks of:

(a) Ganga

(b) Narmada

(c) Godavari

(d) Brahmaputra

Answer