Stockholm+50

Why in news?

• Stockholm+50 is being held in Stockholm, Sweden.
• It will commemorate the 50 years since the 1972 United Nations (UN) Conference on the Human Environment (also known as the Stockholm Conference).

Background:

• In 1967, a research study provided the actual estimates of global temperature based on CO2 levels. Also, it was predicted that the doubling of CO2 from the current level would result in nearly 2°C rise in global temperature.
• Climate change was first discussed using emerging scientific evidence in the UN General Assembly in 1968.
• The idea of the Stockholm Conference was first proposed by Sweden. That’s why it's also termed the “Swedish Initiative”.
• The United Nations Conference on the Human Environment in Stockholm was held in June, 1972.

About Stockholm Conference, 1972:

• This was the first global convergence on the planetary environment.
• The theme was ‘Only One Earth’.
• 122 countries participated in the conference (Including India).
• It aims for creating a common governance framework for the planetary environment and natural resources.

Stockholm Declaration:

• 70 out of 122 participant countries which were developing and poor countries adopted the Stockholm Declaration.
• The Stockholm Declaration contained 26 principles that marked the beginning of a dialogue between developed and developing countries.
• This built the “interconnections between development, poverty and the environment”.

Three Dimension of the Conference:

• Countries agreed to not “harm each other’s environment or the areas beyond national jurisdiction”.
• An action plan to study the threat to Earth’s environment.
• Establishment of an international body called the UN Environment Programme (UNEP) to bring in cooperation among countries.

PRACTICE QUESTION:

Consider the following statements:

1. The United Nations Environment Programme has been established by the United Nations General Assembly in pursuance of the Stockholm Conference, 1972

2.India participated in the Stockholm Conference, 1972

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

                        C

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